In 1956, a summer workshop at Dartmouth Coullege brought together ten researchers interested in the study of machine intelligence, and a new science - Artificial Intelligence- was born. Since to early 1950s, Artificial Intelligence technology was developed from curiosity of a few reserchers to a value tool to support human making decisions.
Artificial Intelligence is a science that has define its goals as making machines to do things that would require intelligence if done by humans.
”A machine is thought intelligent if it can achive human-level performans in some cognitive tasks. To built an inteligent machine we have to capture, organize and use human expert knowledge in some problem area” (Negnevitsky, 2002).
One of the fascinating aspects of the field of Artificial Intelligence is the is that the precise nature of its subject matter turns out to be surprisingly difficult to define (Fetzer, 1990).
Computer science defines AI research as the study of “intelligent agents”: any device that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of successfully achieving its goals. A more elaborate definition characterizes AI as “a system’s ability to correctly interpret external data, to learn from such data, and to use those learnings to achieve specific goals and tasks through flexible adaptation.”
John McCarthy, widely recognized as one of the godfathers of Artificial Intelligence, defined it as “the science and engineering of making intelligent machines”.
Some more definitions of Artificial Intelligence are:
The concept of what defines Artificial Intelligence has changed over time, but at the core there has always been the idea of building machines which are capable of thinking like humans.
A recent study from eSchool News discovered that the use of Artificial intelligence in the education industry will grow by 47.5% through 2021. The technology’s impact will exist anywhere from kindergarten through higher education to corporate training, offering the opportunity to create adaptive learning features with personalized tools to improve learners' experience.
Artificial intelligence in U.S. education will grow by 47.5% from 2017-2021 according to the Artificial Intelligence Market in the US Education Sector report.
Most of the experts mention:
If you want to read more about using AI in educational process, click here.
Find more quotes about Artificial Intelligence here.
Machine learning represents a major step forward in how computers can learn.
Ex. Online Search
Perhaps the most famous use of machine learning, Google and its competitors are constantly improving what the search engine understands. Every time you execute a search on Google, the program watches how you respond to the results. If you click the top result and stay on that web page, we can assume you got the information you were looking for and the search was a success. If, on the other hand, you click to the second page of results, or type in a new search string without clicking any of the results, we can surmise that the search engine didn’t serve up the results you wanted — and the program can learn from that mistake to deliver a better result in the future.
Smart Cars
IBM recently surveyed top auto executives, and 74% expected that we would see smart cars on the road by 2025. A smart car would not only integrate into the Internet of Things, but also learn about its owner and its environment. It might adjust the internal settings — temperature, audio, seat position, etc. — automatically based on the driver, report and even fix problems itself, drive itself, and offer real time advice about traffic and road conditions.
Bernard Marr presents some amazing ways artificial intelligence and machine learning are used behind the scenes to impact our everyday lives. For example, artificial intelligence and machine learning were used in social media, creative arts, energy, financial services, healthcare, manufacturing, media, retail, service.
Click here to find more ways of using artificial intelligence and machine learning in practice.
Bernard Marr presents some ways to learn about the principles and practices around artificial intelligence; he mention that today you don’t have to take years out of your life studying at university to become familiar with this seemingly hugely complex technology. He also note that a growing number of online courses have sprung up in recent years covering everything from the basics to advanced implementation.
One of the most general courses is ”Learn with Google AI” and covers the ground from a basic introduction to machine learning.
You can find here the best free online Artificial Intelligence courses available today!
https://www.iep.utm.edu/art-inte/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Artificial_Intelligence
Fetzer , J. H. (1990). Artificial Intelligence: its scope and limits . Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Negnevitsky , M. (2002). Artificial Intelligence-A Guide to Intelligence Systems. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited .
Pictures: https://pixabay.com/ro/images/search/
Find here inspirations and instructions for exercises to be applied in adult education. They were tested during common workshops. didactic_inspirations_artificial_intelligence.pdf
Author: Ciomaga Florentina, CJRAE Vrancea