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--- contributions:structural-change [2020/08/25 18:21]
Sophia Bickhardt
+++ contributions:structural-change [2020/09/01 13:03] (current)
Sophia Bickhardt
@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 =====Long Version=====
-The Internet and social media have created new opportunities to obtain information, communicate and mobilise politically. This brings changes in political culture and thus in the struggles for the power of interpretation. Terms such as "fake news" or "filter bubble" are often used. False reports are not compatible with the journalistic and scientific ethos. Nevertheless, mistakes cannot always be avoided. And the temptation to manipulate, i.e. the targeted exertion to gain influence on the thinking, perception and feelings of others, is not uncommon. But this is not only due to human weaknesses or lack of morality. Among many other aspects, one should also consider the current **"structural change of the public sphere"**. To this end, we will first refer to the considerations that Jürgen Habermas presented in his habilitation thesis of the same name.((Habermas, Strukturwandel)) In contrast, we will examine the characteristics of current forms of the public sphere and ask about the chances of a democratic public sphere in times of digitalisation.
+The Internet and social media have created new opportunities to obtain information, communicate and mobilise politically. This brings changes in political culture and thus in the struggles for the power of interpretation. Terms such as "fake news" or "filter bubble" are often used. False reports are not compatible with the journalistic and scientific ethos. Nevertheless, mistakes cannot always be avoided. And the temptation to manipulate, i.e. the targeted exertion to gain influence on the thinking, perception and feelings of others, is not uncommon. But this is not only due to human weaknesses or lack of morality. Among many other aspects, one should also consider the current **"structural change of the public sphere"**. To this end, we will first refer to the considerations that Jürgen Habermas presented in his habilitation thesis of the same name.((Habermas, Strukturwandel.)) In contrast, we will examine the characteristics of current forms of the public sphere and ask about the chances of a democratic public sphere in times of digitalisation.
 Jürgen Habermas described the emergence of a civil public sphere and its socio-structural conditions with the emergence of capitalism and mercantilism. In contrast to the representative public sphere in feudal societies, which was preferably reserved for the king or other representatives of the political order, the civil public sphere was characterized by private individuals forming an audience, gathering together and cultivating a "critical reasoning" first on literature and art, and later on events of a political and social nature. The concept of the public sphere itself had emerged from the 18th century onwards. Oriented towards the exchange of arguments, the culture of conversation had developed in salons in France, coffee houses in Great Britain and later also in the table societies on German territories. To this control of the powerful through publication and a rational, critical debate, Habermas fundamentally links the possibility of democratic influence: communicative power can help to control the actions of administrative power through legitimation or the withdrawal of legitimation. It was no coincidence that "the public sphere is the amniotic fluid of democracy" was also said during the democratic upheaval in the GDR in 1989.((See the letter from Friedrich-Wilhelm Frhr. von Sell to B. Bohley from 15/ 11/1989, “Betreff: Angebot der Hilfe, eine neue Medienordnung für die DDR zu schaffen, denn 'Öffentlichkeit ist keine 4. Gewalt, sie ist das Fruchtwasser der Demokratie'” https://www.havemann-gesellschaft.de/archiv-der-ddr-opposition/?pid=2&extendedSearch=1&search_active=1&search_type=2&search_area=all&suchtext=&signatur=KFr&datum_von=&datum_bis=&ort=&personen=&searchDetailTyp=4&searchDetail=5255; this phrase was also used by Christoph Singelnstein, https://www.zeit.de/1992/06/ein-neues-gesicht.)) According to Habermas, such a public discourse is not necessarily an end in itself. The moment of communicative understanding is inherent in it. As the aim is to reach a social consensus through a rational process of developing a common point and decision-making to which all actors are bound.
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 Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit, Wikipedia-Artikel, https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strukturwandel_der_%C3%96ffentlichkeit (aufgerufen 06.04.2020)
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 **Author**: Sophia Bickhardt, weltgewandt e.V.
-{{:cc.png}}
-//This text is published under the terms of the Creative Commons License: by-nc-nd/3.0/ The name of the author shall be as follows: by-nc-nd/3.0/ Author: Sophia Bickhardt, funding source: Erasmus+ Programme for Adult Education of the European Union. The text and materials may be reproduced, distributed and made publicly available for non-commercial purposes. However, they may not be edited, modified or altered in any way.//
-//Copyright information on images can be found directly under the images.//
-//The European Commission's support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents, which reflect the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.//

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